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Hibiscus clayi

O.Deg. & I.Deg. (1959)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae Genus: Hibiscus

aloalo, Hawaiian red hibiscus

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs to trees 4–8 meters tall.

Stems: Stems stellate pubescent apically, otherwise glabrous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades narrowly elliptic to elliptic, sometimes oblong–elliptic to ovate or obovate, 3–7(–10) cm long, 1.5–3.5(–5) cm wide. Apex acuminate or sometimes acute. Base cuneate or obtuse. Upper surfaces glabrous; lower surfaces glabrate, blades green, shiny. Margins entire or serrate toward apex. Petioles 0.5–1.5(–2.5) cm long, pubescent in an adaxial line. Stipules subulate to linear, 4–11 mm long.

Flowers: Flowers solitary, borne near the ends of the branches, pedicels 1.5-2.5 cm long, articulate; involucral bracts (5)6, linear-subulate to subulate, 6-13 mm long, 1-2(-3) mm wide. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx pale green, tubular to suburceolate, 1.5–2.2(–2.5) cm long, lobes 5-lobed or 5-parted, deltate, 0.3–0.5 cm long, surface smooth, sparsely stellulate pubescent. Corolla actinomorphic to moderately zygomorphic, corolla of 5 petals, abruptly flaring, dark red, narrowly obovate to strap–shaped, 4.5–6 cm long, 11.8 cm wide, distinct from each other but adnate at base to staminal column, lower surface usually densely pubescent. Stamens 5 to numerous, monadelphous, forming a staminal column, staminal column exserted, pinkish above, white below; filaments clustered below apex of staminal column, red, 0.3-0.6 cm long; anthers monothecal. Pollen globose, echinate. Ovary superior, 5-celled or rarely appearing 10-celled by a vertical partition, the carpels borne in a single whorl or rarely seemingly superposed whorls, placentation axile; ovules 3 or more per cell; style exceeding the staminal column, 5-branched; style branches spreading in a flat whorl, pinkish, 5-6 mm long, pilose; each branch terminated by an expanded stigma; stigmas terminal or decurrent, discoid-papillate, up to 1.5 mm in diameter.

Fruit: Loculicidally dehiscent capsules; pale brown; oblong-obovoid; enclosed by the calyx;1.2-1.4 cm long; puberulent; exocarp and endocarp sometimes separating at maturity. Seeds brownish black; obovoid–reniform; 4–4.5 mm long; sparsely pubescent with stellate simple hairs; with or without endosperm.

Ploidy: 2n = 84*

Habitat: Dry forest.

Elevation Range: 230–350 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Only found in cultivation
Maui Only found in cultivation
Hawai'i Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: O.Degener, Fl. Hawaiiensis 221: s.p. (1959)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:884 (K); Staples & Herbst 2005:387 (KEY), 391 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 599 Kauai BISH 1916-10-16
2 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 599 Kauai BISH 1916-10-16
3 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Christensen, L. 4 Kauai BISH 1975-06-08
4 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 162 Kauai BISH 1967-10-28
5 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Christensen, C. 27 Kauai BISH 1975-05-10
6 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Bryan Jr., E.H. 38 Oahu BISH 1928-10-01
7 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 103 Kauai BISH 1969-04-23
8 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 24921 Kauai BISH 1952-12-31
9 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Duvel, A.H. Kauai BISH 1930-10-10
10 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Along margin of Pandanus forest east of Pi`ilanihale Heiau. Preserved_Specimen Spindly shrubs of 15 ft. Leaves pale, glossy green above, dull below. Petals, style & filaments vermillion. Anthers bright yellow. Flynn, T.W. 2593 Maui BISH 1987-11-10
11 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In kukui-mountain apple -ti forrest. Preserved_Specimen One of 3 plants seen, only coll number 3420 in flower, this collection with a fruit..fruiting. Stone, B.C. 3421 Kauai BISH 1960-04-15
12 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen to 24' tree; flower red Christensen, L. 1 Kauai BISH 1975-06-19
13 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On steep moist banks above a high waterfall. Preserved_Specimen One of 3 trees observed. This tree ca. 12-25 ft. tall, fruiting. Stone, B.C. 3420 Kauai BISH 1960-04-15
14 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In open shade, woody habitat. Preserved_Specimen Up to 15 ft. tall. Hobdy, R.W. 103 Kauai BISH 1969-04-23
15 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Tree 8m x 10cm; calyx cream colored; corolla bright red. St.John, H. 24921 Kauai BISH 1952-12-31
16 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 3 m tree, branches decumbent, leaves shiny medium green above; calyx inflated, yellow green, corolla and stigma loves bright red, staminal column pink Lorence, D.H. 7729 Maui BISH 1995-11-16
17 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen From a seedling derived from a venerable tree growing in cultivation on Kauai. Degener, O. 25012 Oahu BISH 1959-02-01
18 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Trees to 24 ft. in height, 18 in colony. Flowers are red. Christensen, C. Kauai BISH 1975-06-19
19 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Shrub 8 ft. high, branches open, long, slender, tipped with leafy tufts. Fls red, + frs. Clay, H.F. Kauai BISH 1955-12-01
20 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Tree 9 ft. tall, twiggy. 3 Kauai BISH 1975-07-05
21 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Plucknett 6 Kauai BISH 1975-01-01
22 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 599 Kauai BISH 1916-10-16
23 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 25 ft. tree, bark smooth, light grey. Flower red, petals narrow, oblong, reflexed. Christensen, L. Kauai BISH 1975-05-26
24 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open sun Preserved_Specimen to 2.5 m shrub; flower red Spence, G. 393 Oahu BISH 1976-08-01
25 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Secondary forest of guava, Java plum, and Schinus, with foresty plantings and rare native remnants. Preserved_Specimen Tree 4 m tall with 2 erect trunks 10-12 cm. diam., bark smooth, pale grey. Leaves dark shiny green above. Corolla deep red. Lorence, D.H. 5547 Kauai BISH 1987-09-13
26 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry slopes Preserved_Specimen Shrub 5 m high. MacDaniels, L.H. 850 Kauai BISH 1927-02-23
27 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Medium forest. Preserved_Specimen Tree 20 ft. tall; leaves dark green above & beneath; flowers red. Lane, I.E. 44 Kauai BISH 1958-11-10
28 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In kukui-mountain apple -ti forrest. Preserved_Specimen One of 3 plants seen, only coll number 3420 in flower, this collection with a fruit..fruiting. Stone, B.C. 3421 Kauai BISH 1960-04-15
29 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen From a seedling derived from a venerable tree growing in cultivation on Kauai. Degener, O. 25012 Oahu BISH 1959-02-01
30 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 9' tree, twiggy Christensen, L. 3 Kauai BISH 1975-06-08
31 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Shrub 12' tall, vigor goos, multi-stemmed base. Cultivated. Flowers red. Clarke, G. 696 Hawaii BISH 1982-04-29
32 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Flowers red. Staminal column 6 cm. long. Corolla 3.5-4 cm. wide. Nagata, K.M. 2965 Maui BISH 1984-06-14
33 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Single shrub; 5 ft. tall; flr dark red. Imada, C. 975 Oahu BISH 1997-08-12
34 Hibiscus clayi Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen James, S.A. 366 Oahu BISH 2004-08-05
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